CO₂ emission was measured at 2–3 hr resolution for 1–2 months in three boreal lakes, using multiple automated floating chambers

Consistently higher daytime emission was observed in all lakes, but in the eutrophic lake diel variability was limited to post-lake mixing

Accounting for diel variability of CO₂ emission within stratified and mixed periods is important to improve estimates of aquatic emissions

k₆₀₀ of CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O were non-uniform over spatial and temporal estuary gradients and k₆₀₀CO₂ mostly greater than k₆₀₀CH₄ and k₆₀₀N₂O

Variability of k₆₀₀ between the gas species was greater at the estuary mouth compared to the mid and upper estuary sections

Empirical k₆₀₀CO₂ models may not accurately predict CH₄ and N₂O fluxes because they do not account for gas-specific non-diffusive processes

16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated with methanogens and CH₄ clumped isotopologue compositions suggest substantial microbial CH₄ production

A second CH₄ source, release of CH₄ from fluid inclusions, is indicated by ¹³C-enriched ethane and propane

C availability may influence the apparent C isotope effect of microbial methanogenesis

Fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) high frequency sensing in a catchment underlain by discontinuous permafrost revealed dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export seasonality and captured flood events

Spring floods dominate annual export, but autumn floods, coinciding with watershed refreezing are most intense for carbon export

Nearly chemostatic DOC behavior suggests an important contribution of peatlands to the annual DOC flux (5.2–5.5 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹)

Highly serpentinized subsurface rocks exhibit steep redox gradients and host microbial cell abundances that vary >6 orders of magnitude

Low rates of microbial sulfate reduction in rock cores are inferred to result in optical darkening and sulfide overprinting of the mineralogy

Widespread andradite garnet, abundant ferroan brucite, and rare carbonate are targets for future spatially resolved life-detection efforts

Ice cover plays a critical role in biogeochemical cycles in Prairie Pothole wetlands

The sub-oxic/anoxic boundary occurs closer to the sediment-water interface in Prairie Pothole wetlands when ice cover exists

Response to winter conditions differed between wetlands and depended on their location along the hydrologic gradient

Planted forests (PFs) were more sensitive to droughts than natural forests (NFs)

PFs tended to recover more rapidly after drought disturbance than NFs

The differences in the sensitivity to droughts may reflect intrinsic differences between PFs and NFs ecosystems

We quantified stem and soil CH₄ fluxes with forest conversion to traditional cacao agroforestry in the Congo Basin, Cameroon

Tropical trees on well-drained, highly weathered soils represented potential CH₄ emission pathways that have largely been ignored

Two percentage of measured trees were “hot spots” of CH₄ emissions, with two orders of magnitude larger than the remaining trees in the sites

High diazotrophic diversity occurred in the sediments of a cyanobacterial bloom area in Lake Taihu

The diazotrophic community and nitrogenase activity were correlated with dissolved sulfide in sediments

Active sediment nitrogen fixation occurred in winter, nearly seven times as much as in summer

Lake ice-on was 11 days later, ice-off was 7 days earlier, and ice duration was 17 days shorter per century for each lake

Trends in ice-on and ice duration were six times faster in the last 25-year period (1992–2016) than previous quarter centuries

Increased frequency of extreme events, including ice-free years and short ice durations, were found in larger lakes and warmer regions

Extended triple colocation (ETC) can estimate the uncertainties of three fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) products

The validation of gross primary production driven by different FPAR data sets plays an indirect role in FPAR evaluation

Consistent results of the two methods lead to reliable conclusions

The stem CH₄ fluxes from Alnus japonica seasonally vary and increase during and after intense rainfall

Dissolved CH₄ concentration in groundwater is a major factor controlling stem CH₄ flux as shown by path analysis

Rhizospheric CH₄ is mainly transported in the gaseous form through intercellular space in trees and partly by the transpiration stream

Carbonate mineralogy increases the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) flux out of soils in an agricultural, humid temperate watershed

This flux of DIC could represent up to 43% of all respired carbon dioxide in the study soil that contains the most carbonates

Surface carbon dioxide efflux measurements would substantially underestimate soil respiration rates in this watershed

Earthquakes may stimulate tree growth by promoting photosynthesis

Direction of tree growth change depends on local topographic position

First dendroecohydrological study to explore earthquake-water-vegetation interactions at scale of cells

National Forest Inventory data of South Korea were assimilated into a biogeochemical model to estimate carbon and nitrogen turnover times

The nitrogen turnover time (376–499 years) was ∼45 times longer than the carbon turnover time (9–10 years)

The carbon and nitrogen turnover times decreased with temperature and increased with stand age and carbon:nitrogen ratio

Modeling quantifies daily DOC loadings in surface and subsurface runoff into river networks across the western Arctic

Simulation captures a gradient in seasonal DOC concentrations for North Slope Alaska rivers consistent with field measurements

Similar loadings are estimated for basins draining to the north and to the west

Evident ocean warming and acidification over the past century in the northern South China Sea have been registered in Porites corals

Environmental changes have led to a long-term reduction in skeletal density of Porites during the past 168 years

All the calcification parameters of Porites exhibit significant persistent declines from the 1960s

ORCHIDEE terrestrial biosphere model radically underestimates dryland mean annual net CO₂ fluxes and their inter-annual variability (IAV)

Optimizing phenology, carbon allocation, and respiration parameters are crucial for capturing net CO₂ flux mean and IAV

Models need to be optimized against dryland CO₂ flux data to achieve accurate predictions of dryland's role in global C cycle variability

The search for life beyond Earth requires developing life detection methods and identifying sites where they can be tested

Dune sand contains a sparse microbial community that, after hydration, demonstrates an immediate but short and weak metabolic response

Dune sand collected in area under low anthropogenic pressure is useful for testing life detection methods

Temporal gradients of nitrate removal indicate that as much as 90% of nitrate inputs are removed during the dry season

Spatial gradients of nitrate removal are controlled by the cyclical delivery of labile organic matter, promoting up to a three-fold removal

Environmental drivers of climate and land use change will increase denitrification, which is largely offset by increased nitrate leaching

Emissions of methane and carbon dioxide can be large from forest ditches on both mineral and peat soils

Ditches are constructed and therefore these emissions are anthropogenic in origin and should be accounted for in inventories

Ditch methane emissions are particularly important, as they can influence landscape-scale methane budgets

A widespread greening of the alpine steppe at Nam Co was observed, increasing the daily ecosystem carbon uptake by 0.5 g C m⁻² decade-1

Larger diurnal temperature range during winter promotes plant growth more than soil respiration

Earlier summer monsoon cloud cover and greater aridity in autumn both lead to increased net carbon uptake during these times

Concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) range widely among tributaries of Lake Michigan, peaking in wetland-dominated watersheds and during the fall season

DOM is smaller in molecular weight and less aromatic in watersheds with little wetland land cover type and in the spring season, whereas alkalinity is positively correlated to urban land cover as well as underlying carbonate geology

DOM composition varies more in time (i.e., among seasons) than does either organic carbon concentrations or alkalinity

Uncertainties in simulating land-atmosphere carbon fluxes (F_TA) on multiple time scales induced by different precipitation are investigated

Uncertainties in climatology and interannual variability of global total F_TA are about 41% of uncertainties in TRENDYv6 simulations

A good linear relationship emerges between global area-averaged land climatological annual precipitation and simulated total F_TA

Significant surface temperature differences at night between the two restored peatland sites with different surface characteristics

The warmer nighttime and seasonal temperatures at the actively rewetted site were due to energy stored in standing water during daytime

Restoration management has to consider biophysical impacts in addition to biogeochemical changes

A density-dependent model was proposed to describe nitrous oxide (N₂O) production and consumption processes in a salinity-impacted hyporheic zone

The variable-density flow leads to unstable N₂O plume development in streambed and strengthen the role of the HZ as a NO₃⁻ and N₂O sink

The mass percentage of N₂O released from the bed to the stream water is decreased by 25% as the density effect is increased to 1.4 × 10⁻³

Algal mats create elevated and strengthened sediment ridges on tidal flats, possibly promoting the establishment of marsh plants

In a self-reinforcing cycle, algae grow better on elevated ridges and stabilize the sediment, which increases relative sediment elevation

This study shows that it may be crucial to consider biogeophysical interactions in order to predict the formation of new ecosystems

N₂ is the primary end-product of denitrification and accurate assessment of N₂ flux is critical to understanding ecosystem nitrogen balances

Improved measurement of N₂ fluxes shows high rates of denitrification and unforeseen hotspots in agricultural soils

Measurements of both N₂ and N₂O can improve modeling efforts and mechanistic investigations of denitrification pathways

Although stoichiometric balance was indeed shifted in the subtropical forest, the decoupling of plant photosynthesis and the hydraulic traits was not disturbed

The upper canopy species experience stronger nutrient stoichiometric shifts than the lower-canopy species

The under the canopy application failed to detect the resources redistribution among different species and the strengthened decoupling relation between photosynthesis and hydraulic traits

The complexity of the South China Sea was emphasized with the spatially and seasonally heterogeneous dissolved organic matter (DOM) and biogeochemical forcing

The Straits of Malacca serve as an efficient source to export humic-like terrestrial DOM to northern Indian Ocean during Northeast Monsoon

The refined biogeochemical province delineation scheme effectively interprets biogeochemistry in marginal seas by incorporating chromophoric DOM (CDOM) index

Spatial patterns of 19 soil elements were quantified to characterize nutrient island formation following woody encroachment in a savanna

Only a subset of soil nutrients (i.e., N, P, S, Ca, Cu, and Sr) were accumulated underneath woody canopies following woody encroachment

Spatial distributions of other soil nutrients (e.g., K, Mg, Fe) were related to landscape-scale variation in soil pH, clay content, and slope

A new article by Williams et al. published in JGR: Biogeosciences prompts discussion of the role glaciers play in coastal nutrient cycling

Marine-terminating glaciers play an important role in coastal ecosystems by indirectly supplying macronutrients to surface waters

Substantial changes to marine nutrient cycling expected in glaciated regions as ice cover wanes in response to atmospheric and oceanic warming

River export of nitrogen to the lakes was highest in winter and lowest in summer

Point sources contribute over 50% of nitrogen across seasons

Effective lake pollution control requires accounting for seasonal nitrogen cycles